The restaurants closed across the UK in 2019 with the loss of more than 1,000 jobs, but more than 30 international restaurants survived.
Oliver, who has overseen the menu for the new site in Leicester Square, said he recognised it would be a challenge restarting the brand.
"In theory it's not the easiest time to return but conversely, I think it's the perfect time.
"I believe the mid-market needs excitement, surprise and delight and that's exactly what I am planning on delivering," he said.
The return of Jamie's Italian to the UK is part of a franchise agreement between Oliver and Brava Hospitality Group, which runs Prezzo. Unlike last time, Oliver is not investing his own cash in the venture.
After the chain's collapse he was left with debts of £80m.
However his other business interests remained in healthy shape: there is estimated to be one Jamie Oliver cookery book for every two UK households and his TV series, which began with The Naked Chef in 1999, have been shown in 189 territories.
The brand's resurrection comes at a time when UK hospitality bosses have complained of a tough trading environment and cost pressures such as increased staffing costs and changes to business rates.
At the time of Jamie's Italian 2019 collapse, Oliver blamed "the well-publicised struggles of the casual dining sector and decline of the UK High Street, along with soaring business rates," for the company's demise.