Mass killings probe in Sudan will hold culprits to account, vows UN

An independent fact-finding mission will investigate reported mass killings in the Sudanese city of el-Fasher, the UN announced on Friday.

"There has been too much pretence and performance, and too little action" from the international community in the face of Sudan's devastating civil war, UN human rights chief Volker Türk said at an emergency meeting in Geneva.

"It must stand up against these atrocities - a display of naked cruelty used to subjugate and control an entire population," he added, and gave a stark warning to all those "fuelling and profiting" from the civil war.

More than 150,000 people have been killed and about 12 million have had no choice but to flee their homes.

It follows the Trump administration's most vocal intervention to date in the Sudan civil war, with Secretary of State Marco Rubio at the G7 summit demanding international action to halt the supply of weapons to the RSF paramilitaries - plus strongly worded criticism for some nations.

The US is one of the so-called "Quad" of countries working for an end to the crisis, together with the UAE, along with Egypt and Saudi Arabia who are allies of Sudan's military-led government. The bloc recently proposed a three-month humanitarian truce, followed by a permanent ceasefire and a nine-month transition to civilian rule.

Rubio, in what was widely regarded as a reference to the UAE alleged backing of Sudan's rebels, said on Wednesday: "We know who the parties are that are involved [in weapons supply]... That's why they're part of the Quad along with other countries involved."

The UAE, which has long denied supporting the RSF, replied in a statement on Thursday saying it was alarmed by "the heinous attacks against civilians by RSF forces in el-Fasher" and accused the Sudanese army of "starvation tactics, indiscriminate bombardment of populated areas, and the reported use of chemical weapons". These are accusation the Sudanese army has previously rejected.

A furious denial also came from the RSF, denouncing what it called "all biased statements against them" and attempts to scapegoat it in order to cover up the army's rejection of the truce.

The RSF waited until it had captured el-Fasher before announcing that it was agreeing to the truce. Sudan's army says it objects to the UAE's presence in the Quad but will still consider the proposal.

In the meantime, there has been no let-up in the fighting.

Only a small fraction of the population has managed to flee el-Fasher, where massacres are said to have take taken place. Piles of bodies on the ground and blood-stained earth are visible from space in satellite imagery.

The flow of weapons into Sudan during this war has been analysed by various experts.

Amnesty International says it has found evidence of weapons manufactured in Serbia, Russia, China, Turkey, Yemen and UAE being used in Sudan.

The smuggling route is often via the UAE, through to Chad, then into Darfur - according to a leaked report by UN experts.

The UAE in particular is accused of providing arms and support to the RSF, who in turn are accused of using the UAE as a marketplace for illicit gold sales.

On Wednesday, Rubio pointedly said assistance to the RSF "isn't just coming from some country that's paying for it - it's also coming from countries that are allowing their territory to be used to ship it and transport it".

He also said he did not want to "diminish" the involvement of other actors in the conflict, saying "that includes potentially the Iranians, at least money and weapons being flown into the other side", meaning to the Sudanese army.

All parties deny these allegations.

A fortnight ago, the UK government came under fire from its own lawmakers following allegations that British-made weapons were ending up in the hands of the RSF, who were using them to commit atrocities.

In response to one MP's demand to "end all arms shipments to the UAE until it is proved that the UAE is not arming the RSF", Foreign Secretary Yvette Cooper said at the time: "The UK has extremely strong controls on arms exports, including to prevent any diversion. We will continue to take that immensely seriously."

There has been a UN arms embargo on the RSF's stronghold of Darfur since 2004, but it has not been extended to the rest of the country despite calls from human rights groups.